ZIRCONIA & ITS RELEVANCE IN DENTISTRY
Popularly known as ‘Ceramic Steel’, Zirconia (ZrO2) or Zirconium Oxide is a non-metallic inorganic mineral belonging to the group of oxide ceramics. It can be partially stabilized by Yttrium and enriched with Aluminium to improve its structural properties. Zirconia possesses high bending strength, hardness and toughness. It's unique combination of excellent mechanical & chemical properties makes it an ideal bio-material. It can also be bonded with metal to make a ceramic-metal crown. Zirconia based restorations are quite versatile and can be used for crowns, bridges, and implant abutments in a variety of clinical situations. High strength and high aesthetics of zirconia make it an excellent option in dental restoratives & implants.
Favorable Properties of Zirconia
- Non-magnetic and corrosion resistant.
- High flexural strength 600-1200 MPa.
- Low thermal expansion.
Physical Properties
Colour | - | White |
Surface Finish | - | Smooth |
Condition | - | Solid Block |
Odor | - | None |
Melting Point | oC | 2680 |
Boiling Point | oC | 5500 |
Ignition Point | - | Non-flammable |
Pre Sintered Density | g/cm3 | 3.00 ± 0.2 |
Final Sintered Density | g/cm3 | 6.08 ± 0.2 |
Solubility after final Sintering | - | Non soluble |
Radioactivity | Bq /g | < 0.01 |
Flexural Strength | MPa | > 1000 |
Grain Size | µm | < 0.5 |
Thermal Expansion | 10-6/K | 9.71 |
Fracture Toughness | MPa m0.5 | 8.05 |
Young`s Modulus | Gpa | 210 |
Open Porosity | % | 0 |
Chemical Solubility | µg.cm2 | < 100 |
Bulk Modulus | Gpa | 81 |
Shear Modulus | Gpa | 184 |
Modulus of Rupture | MPa | >1500 |
Chemical Properties Wt%
ZrO2+ HfO2 + Y2O3 + Al2O3 | >99.9 |
Y2O3 | 5.15 (± 0.20) |
Al2O3 | 0.25 (± 0.10) |
SiO2 | < 0.02 |
Fe2O3 | < 0.01 |
Na2O | < 0.04 |

Grade | Jyodent® Iso pressed White Opaque Zirconia Disc (IS-ZD) | Jyodent® Iso pressed Translucent Zirconia Disc (IS-TR-ZD) |
Jyodent® Iso pressed Extreme Translucent Zirconia Disc (IS-ETR-ZD) |
Jyodent® Iso pressed Translucent coloured (preshaded) Zirconia Disc (IS-TR-CZD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Physical Properties | ||||
Sintering Temp oC | 1450 | 1450 | 1450 | 1450 |
Transmittance % as per Shimadzu spectrophotometer UV2600 | 35.0 | 37.5 | 42.0 | 36.5 |
Transmittance % as per Haze Meter | 41.6 | 44.6 | 49.0 | 43.4 |
Bending Strength (MPa) - 3 - Point | 1200 | >1000 | >600 | >1000 |
Sintered Body Density (g/cm3) | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 |
1mm Thickness | ![]() |
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